NextSDS Docs

Hazard Levels (1–5)

Understanding the 5-level hazard classification system used to indicate overall chemical danger in your library.

NextSDS rates a product's intrinsic hazards based on the classification in section 2 of the SDS (GHS/CLP). The hazard is expressed using five hazard levels where the most hazardous products score 5 and the least hazardous score 1.

LevelLabelDescription
5ExtremeHighest severity across one or more categories. Severe or life-threatening hazards present.
4HighSerious risks in one or more categories. Significant health, environmental, or safety hazards.
3ModerateModerate risks present. Noticeable health, environmental, or safety concerns requiring precautions.
2LowMinor risks present in one or more categories. Low severity effects possible.
1MinimalNegligible risk across health, environment, and safety. Safe under normal use.

The overall level is the maximum of three sub-scores: Health, Environmental, and Safety. See detailed H-code mapping for the complete list of hazard statements per level.


Level 5 — Extreme

CategoryDescription
HealthFatal if swallowed, inhaled, or upon skin contact. May cause cancer, genetic defects, or damage to fertility.
EnvironmentalVery toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects. Accumulates in nature and organisms. Ozone depletion and widespread water contamination.
SafetyExplosive, even without air. Severe fires, blast hazards, or violent reactions.

Level 4 — High

CategoryDescription
HealthToxic via all routes. Serious burns and eye damage. Allergic reactions. Organ damage or long-term health issues.
EnvironmentalVery toxic or toxic to aquatic life and some land species. Suspected endocrine disruption.
SafetyExtremely flammable gases, liquids, and aerosols. Explosive when heated. Violent reactions with air, water, or chemicals.

Level 3 — Moderate

CategoryDescription
HealthHarmful via all routes. Eye irritation and mild organ damage. Allergic reactions possible.
EnvironmentalToxic or harmful to aquatic life with possible long-lasting effects.
SafetyFlammable gases, liquids, and solids. Pressurised gases. Self-ignition or dangerous reaction with water possible.

Level 2 — Low

CategoryDescription
HealthMild skin or eye irritation. Dizziness, drowsiness, or respiratory irritation. Risks from repeated exposure.
EnvironmentalHarmful to aquatic life, but less severe than higher levels.
SafetyFlammable liquids and gases, but generally less intense hazards.

Level 1 — Minimal

CategoryDescription
HealthMild skin irritation in rare cases. Safe if handled properly.
EnvironmentalNo significant environmental impact.
SafetyNo special safety hazards under normal conditions.

How it's calculated

Each hazard statement (H-code) found in section 2 of the SDS is mapped to a level across three risk categories:

  1. Health — acute toxicity, CMR properties, organ damage, sensitisation
  2. Environmental — aquatic toxicity, persistence, ozone depletion
  3. Safety — flammability, explosiveness, oxidising properties

The product's overall level is the maximum across all three categories. The individual sub-scores for Health, Environmental, and Safety are visible in the tooltip in the library.

Where it appears

  • Library table — as a colour-coded indicator in the "Hazard Level" column
  • Hover tooltip — shows the overall level plus Health, Environmental, and Safety sub-scores

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